Survey dalam hubungan dengan pemetaan kegiatanyang dilakukan untuk menentukan lokasi spatial titik-titik yang ada atau berada didekat permukaan bumi beserta tanda pengenalnya
kegiatan land surveying meliputi pengukuran jarak horizontal dan vertikal antar titik object pengukuran sudut dan data diolah untuk penentuan posisi titik.
Unsur-Unsur Utama Peta :
1. Judul Peta
Menunjukkan tema utama peta
2. Lokasi
Menunjukkan daerah yang dipetakan
3. Skala
Menunjukkan perbandingan ukuran jarak dipetadan dilapangan
4. Orientasi
Menunjukkan aarah utama pada peta
5. Simbol
Menunjukkan objek-objek dilapangan pada peta
6. Legenda
Menjelaskan arti simbol yang disajikan
7. Grid and Graticule
Menunjukkan posisi (x,y), (latitude, Longitude)
8. Proyeksi Peta
Menunjukkan system proyeksi peta yang digunakan
9. Elipsoid/Spheroid
Menunjukkan Ellipsoid / Spheroid yang digunakan
10. Meta Data
Survey dalam hubungan dengan pemetaan kegiatanyang dilakukan untuk menentukan lokasi spatial titik-titik yang ada atau berada didekat permukaan bumi beserta tanda pengenalnya
kegiatan land surveying meliputi pengukuran jarak horizontal dan vertikal antar titik object pengukuran sudut dan data diolah untuk penentuan posisi titik.
Unsur-Unsur Utama Peta :
1. Judul Peta
Menunjukkan tema utama peta
2. Lokasi
Menunjukkan daerah yang dipetakan
3. Skala
Menunjukkan perbandingan ukuran jarak dipetadan dilapangan
4. Orientasi
Menunjukkan aarah utama pada peta
5. Simbol
Menunjukkan objek-objek dilapangan pada peta
6. Legenda
Menjelaskan arti simbol yang disajikan
7. Grid and Graticule
Menunjukkan posisi (x,y), (latitude, Longitude)
8. Proyeksi Peta
Menunjukkan system proyeksi peta yang digunakan
9. Elipsoid/Spheroid
Menunjukkan Ellipsoid / Spheroid yang digunakan
10. Meta Data
Penjelasan mengenai riwayat peta; sejarah peta; Metode pembuatan.
Jumat, 24 September 2010
Jumat, 24 April 2009
Organic Fruits Are The Best Antioxidant Supplements
Organic Fruits Are The Best Antioxidant Supplements
Even though a lot of people don't actually realize it, a lot of antioxidant foods that we consume are from vegetables. Vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower, tomatoes, and peppers are all excellent choices with some great benefits for your body. When consuming vegetables, you should always go for those that are rich in color, as they are high in what is known as phytonutrients.
Phytonutrients are nutrients found in the skins of several fruits and vegetables, which give the food color as well as flavor and scent. Phytonutrients are quite simply the best types of antioxidant foods that you can find anywhere. If you are looking for a supplement value, the coq10 offers you a high level of antioxidant value.
Although fruits and vegetables are the best sources for antioxidants, the problem with them is that they are produced by the use of chemical herbicides, pesticides, and different types of fertilizers. Over the years, studies have shown that fruits and vegetables which are organically grown are high in antioxidants, and boast a much higher concentration than those that have been produced commercially.
In the busy world of today, it can be very tough to eat like we should, nor can we eat organic fruits and vegetables all the time. If you can't or don't have access to organic fruits or other sources of antioxidant foods, you should look into nutritional supplements that offer you the phytonutrients you need in your diet.
Supplements that contain phytonutrients do have advantages when compared to certain fruits, such as carrots - which can elevate your blood sugar level to a very high level. Phytonutrients found in supplements are the extract of pigments where nutrients are concentrated, meaning that they draw the best from antioxidant foods, leaving the calories and sugar behind.
Don't get the wrong idea here, fruits and vegetables are indeed good for you. They are high in antioxidants, although those that are produced commercially generally come with chemicals and such that aren't so good for you. Canned fruits and vegetables come with high levels of sugars and calories, which antioxidant supplements don't have. The supplements offer you the levels you need, without any chemicals, sugars, or calories. This way, you don't have to worry about consuming anything that isn't good for you.
No matter how you look at it, healthy eating for your body starts and end with foods that contain antioxidants. There are several types of foods that contain antioxidants, although fruits and vegetables contain the most amounts. Steak and meat are also great sources of antioxidants, along with other great benefits, such as protein. Anytime you can't get foods that contain antioxidants - you can count on supplements to deliver the amount you need to stay healthy.
About the Author
The author Nen Williams is the manager of the glyconutrients information website that offers great facts about glyconutrients onlne. She is presently offering access to glyconutrients products for less than the MLM compaanies on this site.
Even though a lot of people don't actually realize it, a lot of antioxidant foods that we consume are from vegetables. Vegetables such as broccoli, cauliflower, tomatoes, and peppers are all excellent choices with some great benefits for your body. When consuming vegetables, you should always go for those that are rich in color, as they are high in what is known as phytonutrients.
Phytonutrients are nutrients found in the skins of several fruits and vegetables, which give the food color as well as flavor and scent. Phytonutrients are quite simply the best types of antioxidant foods that you can find anywhere. If you are looking for a supplement value, the coq10 offers you a high level of antioxidant value.
Although fruits and vegetables are the best sources for antioxidants, the problem with them is that they are produced by the use of chemical herbicides, pesticides, and different types of fertilizers. Over the years, studies have shown that fruits and vegetables which are organically grown are high in antioxidants, and boast a much higher concentration than those that have been produced commercially.
In the busy world of today, it can be very tough to eat like we should, nor can we eat organic fruits and vegetables all the time. If you can't or don't have access to organic fruits or other sources of antioxidant foods, you should look into nutritional supplements that offer you the phytonutrients you need in your diet.
Supplements that contain phytonutrients do have advantages when compared to certain fruits, such as carrots - which can elevate your blood sugar level to a very high level. Phytonutrients found in supplements are the extract of pigments where nutrients are concentrated, meaning that they draw the best from antioxidant foods, leaving the calories and sugar behind.
Don't get the wrong idea here, fruits and vegetables are indeed good for you. They are high in antioxidants, although those that are produced commercially generally come with chemicals and such that aren't so good for you. Canned fruits and vegetables come with high levels of sugars and calories, which antioxidant supplements don't have. The supplements offer you the levels you need, without any chemicals, sugars, or calories. This way, you don't have to worry about consuming anything that isn't good for you.
No matter how you look at it, healthy eating for your body starts and end with foods that contain antioxidants. There are several types of foods that contain antioxidants, although fruits and vegetables contain the most amounts. Steak and meat are also great sources of antioxidants, along with other great benefits, such as protein. Anytime you can't get foods that contain antioxidants - you can count on supplements to deliver the amount you need to stay healthy.
About the Author
The author Nen Williams is the manager of the glyconutrients information website that offers great facts about glyconutrients onlne. She is presently offering access to glyconutrients products for less than the MLM compaanies on this site.
Using the selection pane in Excel
Using the selection pane in Excel
The selection panel in Microsoft Excel 2007 can be used to hide or show the pictures or change the order of the images. The selection panel that enables these tasks quickly in one place. Read on to find out how you can use the selection panel in Microsoft Excel .
start Microsoft Excel 2007 and open an existing file that contains multiple images you'd like to see the selection panel.
Click to select any of your images so you can access the Format ribbon. You can tell an image is selected, it will be white, surrounded by the size and handles the "Format" tab at the top of the Excel screen .
Select the "Format" to display the Format tab of tape. The film shows all the options you can use to format images .
Excel Choose the "Selection Panel" on the button "Order" of the tape format. The Selection and Visibility "panel appears on the right side of the Excel screen. This panel displays a list of all the images that appear on the Excel spreadsheet .
Click the button with a picture of the eye to the right of the picture names to hide any of the images . Clicking the button again to show the eyes make the image visible .
Select the "Show All" button at the bottom of the Selection and Visibility "panel to show all images the book. Choose the "Hide All" to hide the images of .
Select the name of an image and use the up and down arrow buttons at the bottom of the selection panel to change the order of images in worksheet.
This article is written by Article Generator.
The selection panel in Microsoft Excel 2007 can be used to hide or show the pictures or change the order of the images. The selection panel that enables these tasks quickly in one place. Read on to find out how you can use the selection panel in Microsoft Excel .
start Microsoft Excel 2007 and open an existing file that contains multiple images you'd like to see the selection panel.
Click to select any of your images so you can access the Format ribbon. You can tell an image is selected, it will be white, surrounded by the size and handles the "Format" tab at the top of the Excel screen .
Select the "Format" to display the Format tab of tape. The film shows all the options you can use to format images .
Excel Choose the "Selection Panel" on the button "Order" of the tape format. The Selection and Visibility "panel appears on the right side of the Excel screen. This panel displays a list of all the images that appear on the Excel spreadsheet .
Click the button with a picture of the eye to the right of the picture names to hide any of the images . Clicking the button again to show the eyes make the image visible .
Select the "Show All" button at the bottom of the Selection and Visibility "panel to show all images the book. Choose the "Hide All" to hide the images of .
Select the name of an image and use the up and down arrow buttons at the bottom of the selection panel to change the order of images in worksheet.
This article is written by Article Generator.
Debugging source code and its various approaches for the layman
Debugging source code and its various approaches for the layman
Once errors are identified, it is necessary to first locate the precise program statements responsible for the errors and then fix them. Generally, the most difficult part of debugging is locating the invalid part of the source code. Once the error is found, correcting it is usually easy. Generally, debugging is a lengthy and tiresome task. The debugging skill of the programmer is probably the biggest factor in the ability to debug a problem.
There are several approaches for debugging. Programs known as debuggers exist to help programmers locate bugs. Debuggers enable the programmer to monitor the execution of a program, stop it, re-start it, set breakpoints, change values in memory and even, in some cases, go back in time. For debugging computer hardware and low-level software like device drivers, BIOS and firmware, instruments such as oscilloscopes, in-circuit emulators are frequently used.
Brute Force method is, though, the most common method of debugging, it is the least efficient method. In this approach, the program is loaded with print statements to print the intermediate values with the hope that some of the printed values will help to identify the statement in error. This approach becomes more systematic with the use of a symbolic debugger (also known as source code debugger), because the values of different variables can be easily checked and break points and watch points can be easily set to test the values of variables effortlessly.
Backtracking is also a fairly common approach. In this approach, beginning from the statement at which an error symptom is observed, the source code is traced backwards until the error is discovered. Unfortunately, as the number of source lines to be traced back increases, the number of potential backward paths increases and may become unmanageable large, thus limiting the use of this approach.
In Cause elimination method, a list of causes which could possibly have contributed to the error symptom is developed and tests are conducted to eliminate each cause. A related technique of identification of the error from the error symptom in the software fault tree analysis.
Program slicing is a technique which is similar to back tracking. However, the search space is reduced by defining slices. A slice of a program from a particular variable at a particular statement is the set of source lines preceding this statement that can influence the value of that variable.
Debugging is often carried out by programmers based on their ingenuity. Many a times, debugging requires a thorough understanding of the program design. Trying to debug based on a partial understanding of the system design and implementation may require an inordinate amount of effort to be put into debugging even for simple reasons. Debugging may sometimes even require full redesign of the system. In such cases, a common mistake that novice programmers often make is that they do not attempt to fix the error but only its symptoms. One must be beware of the possibility that any one error correction may introduce new errors. Therefore, after every round of error fixing, regression testing must be carried out.
Once errors are identified, it is necessary to first locate the precise program statements responsible for the errors and then fix them. Generally, the most difficult part of debugging is locating the invalid part of the source code. Once the error is found, correcting it is usually easy. Generally, debugging is a lengthy and tiresome task. The debugging skill of the programmer is probably the biggest factor in the ability to debug a problem.
There are several approaches for debugging. Programs known as debuggers exist to help programmers locate bugs. Debuggers enable the programmer to monitor the execution of a program, stop it, re-start it, set breakpoints, change values in memory and even, in some cases, go back in time. For debugging computer hardware and low-level software like device drivers, BIOS and firmware, instruments such as oscilloscopes, in-circuit emulators are frequently used.
Brute Force method is, though, the most common method of debugging, it is the least efficient method. In this approach, the program is loaded with print statements to print the intermediate values with the hope that some of the printed values will help to identify the statement in error. This approach becomes more systematic with the use of a symbolic debugger (also known as source code debugger), because the values of different variables can be easily checked and break points and watch points can be easily set to test the values of variables effortlessly.
Backtracking is also a fairly common approach. In this approach, beginning from the statement at which an error symptom is observed, the source code is traced backwards until the error is discovered. Unfortunately, as the number of source lines to be traced back increases, the number of potential backward paths increases and may become unmanageable large, thus limiting the use of this approach.
In Cause elimination method, a list of causes which could possibly have contributed to the error symptom is developed and tests are conducted to eliminate each cause. A related technique of identification of the error from the error symptom in the software fault tree analysis.
Program slicing is a technique which is similar to back tracking. However, the search space is reduced by defining slices. A slice of a program from a particular variable at a particular statement is the set of source lines preceding this statement that can influence the value of that variable.
Debugging is often carried out by programmers based on their ingenuity. Many a times, debugging requires a thorough understanding of the program design. Trying to debug based on a partial understanding of the system design and implementation may require an inordinate amount of effort to be put into debugging even for simple reasons. Debugging may sometimes even require full redesign of the system. In such cases, a common mistake that novice programmers often make is that they do not attempt to fix the error but only its symptoms. One must be beware of the possibility that any one error correction may introduce new errors. Therefore, after every round of error fixing, regression testing must be carried out.
GPS Navigation Systems have come a long way
GPS Navigation Systems have come a long way
GPS Navigation Systems have come a long way
Gps systems have come a long way since they were first designed for the US millitary. The first signal from NAVSTAR 1 was received on Feb. 22, 1978. NAVSTAR 1 was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California and was the first of 24 satellites that make up the Global Positioning System (GPS). The first generation of satellites that make up the Global Positioning Systems 24 satellites were launched between Feb. 22, 1978 and Oct. 9, 1985. Since it First became operational the Global Positioning Systems has revolutionized the way America goes to war and provides a GPS system in which the world relies on for precise navigation.
The Global Positioning System's constellation of orbiting satellites is managed by the United States Air Force 50th Space Wing. The unit is the host wing at Schriever Air Force Base, located in east Colorado Springs, Colorado. They are responsible for tracking and maintaining the command and control, warning, navigational, and communications satellites for Air Force Space Command as well as the Global Positioning System satellites. Full Operational Capability was declared by NAVSTAR in April 1995 (NAVSTAR is an acronym for NAVigation Satellite Timing and Ranging, and is the official U.S. Government name given to the GPS satellite system).
The US government granted the Global Positioning System available for civilian use in the late 1980s and with no subscription fees or setup charges to use the GPS system the civilian GPS market exploded, especially in the last decade. A new generation of sophisticated GPS satellites are replacing the older satellites and there are now 34 GPS satellites in orbit that provide combat capability for military applications and aircraft navigation aids. Civilian applications include ATM's, bank and stock market transactions as well as power grid management. Currently 31 of the 34 GPS satellites in orbit transmit navigation and timing signals to civilian and military users around the world.
Gps for civilian use
The civilian GPS system wasn't always as it is today and the US military is still keeping the most accurate Global Positioning Systems available classified for national security. But GPS upgrades for two new civilian signals to enhanced user accuracy and reliability, particularly with respect to aviation safety were planned in 1998. Then on May 2, 2000 "Selective Availability" was discontinued as a result of the 1996 executive order, allowing users to receive a non-degraded GPS signal globally, and in 2004 QUALCOMM announced the successful tests of assisted GPS for mobile phones that led the way for the GPS aided cell phones that are widely used today.
In 2005, the first third generation GPS satellite was launched and began transmitting a second civilian signal for enhanced user performance. Then in September of 2007 the Air Force completed a four-phase transition of the Global Positioning Systems ground segment to it's new Architecture Evolution Plan. The ground segment's provide command and control of the satellites and generates the navigation message for satellites to broadcast to the users GPS device to calculate their earth's position. The new Gps satellites include new high-powered, anti-jam military-code, along with other accuracy, reliability, and data integrity improvements for both civil and military users. This modernized version of the world's greatest free utility was designed to ensure the US has the most precise and secure positioning, navigation and timing capability through 2030.
Europe and Russia develop their own GPS
In 2004 the United States signed an agreement with the European Community establishing cooperation with Europe's planned Galileo system. Galileo is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that is currently being built by the European Union and is separate from but complimentary to the United States Global Positioning System. The European Union's Galileo system should be operational by 2013. The European Community's political aim is to provide an independent GPS system that the European nations can rely on in times of war or political disagreement, because both Russia or the USA could disable use of their national systems by others (through encryption).
The Russian GPS system GLONASS is a radio-based satellite navigation system that was developed by the former Soviet Union and now operated for the Russian government by the Russian Space Forces. Like the European GPS system the Russian GPS system also functions separate from but is complimentary to the United States Global Positioning System. Russia began launching satellites for their GPS system into space on October 12, 1982 and was completed in 1995. The system rapidly fell into disrepair fallowing the collapse of the Russian economy but in 2001 the Russian government began restoring the system with hopes of restoring global coverage by the end of 2009.
GPS Systems today
Depending on the GPS unit a GPS receiver only needs a signal from 3-4 satellites to calculate the units position and will work in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day. There are no subscription fees or set up fees like with a cell phone to operate GPS receivers and although some GPS receivers have extra features like real time traffic updates that will have a monthly charge, some GPS receivers like Garmins Nuvi "T" series come with free live traffic for the life of the unit. Today's GPS is extremely accurate thanks to their parallel multi-channel design. Garmin's 12 parallel channel receivers are very quick to lock onto satellites when first turned on and they maintain a strong lock even in dense foliage or city's with tall buildings because they continuously track signals from up to 12 satellites at any given time. Even if a 12 parallel channel GPS receiver loses signals from 8 satellites at once it will still function properly.
WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) was developed by the Federal Aviation Administration to augment the Global Positioning System to improve its accuracy, integrity, and availability. WAAS was originally intended to enable aircraft to rely on GPS for all phases of flight, including the precision approach to airport's within its coverage area. All though originally intended for aviation most GPS receivers today are WAAS-enabled including automotive, boating chartplotters and hand-held units. WAAS uses a network of ground based reference stations, in North America and Hawaii, to measure small variations in the GPS satellites' signals. Measurements from these reference stations are routed to master stations and then they send correction messages to geostationary WAAS satellites. Those satellites then broadcast the correction messages back to Earth, where WAAS-enabled GPS receivers use the correction data while computing their positions to improve accuracy. WAAS enabled GPS receivers are accurate to within 3 meters and that make them the most accurate GPS receivers for civilian use on the market today. In fact a WAAS-enabled GPS receiver can even give you directions right down to the lane your car is traveling in (as long as the mapping program supports "lane assist" directions) and With no additional equipment or fees required to take advantage of WAAS-enabled GPS receivers they are becoming as common as cell phone's.
GPS Navigation Systems have come a long way
Gps systems have come a long way since they were first designed for the US millitary. The first signal from NAVSTAR 1 was received on Feb. 22, 1978. NAVSTAR 1 was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California and was the first of 24 satellites that make up the Global Positioning System (GPS). The first generation of satellites that make up the Global Positioning Systems 24 satellites were launched between Feb. 22, 1978 and Oct. 9, 1985. Since it First became operational the Global Positioning Systems has revolutionized the way America goes to war and provides a GPS system in which the world relies on for precise navigation.
The Global Positioning System's constellation of orbiting satellites is managed by the United States Air Force 50th Space Wing. The unit is the host wing at Schriever Air Force Base, located in east Colorado Springs, Colorado. They are responsible for tracking and maintaining the command and control, warning, navigational, and communications satellites for Air Force Space Command as well as the Global Positioning System satellites. Full Operational Capability was declared by NAVSTAR in April 1995 (NAVSTAR is an acronym for NAVigation Satellite Timing and Ranging, and is the official U.S. Government name given to the GPS satellite system).
The US government granted the Global Positioning System available for civilian use in the late 1980s and with no subscription fees or setup charges to use the GPS system the civilian GPS market exploded, especially in the last decade. A new generation of sophisticated GPS satellites are replacing the older satellites and there are now 34 GPS satellites in orbit that provide combat capability for military applications and aircraft navigation aids. Civilian applications include ATM's, bank and stock market transactions as well as power grid management. Currently 31 of the 34 GPS satellites in orbit transmit navigation and timing signals to civilian and military users around the world.
Gps for civilian use
The civilian GPS system wasn't always as it is today and the US military is still keeping the most accurate Global Positioning Systems available classified for national security. But GPS upgrades for two new civilian signals to enhanced user accuracy and reliability, particularly with respect to aviation safety were planned in 1998. Then on May 2, 2000 "Selective Availability" was discontinued as a result of the 1996 executive order, allowing users to receive a non-degraded GPS signal globally, and in 2004 QUALCOMM announced the successful tests of assisted GPS for mobile phones that led the way for the GPS aided cell phones that are widely used today.
In 2005, the first third generation GPS satellite was launched and began transmitting a second civilian signal for enhanced user performance. Then in September of 2007 the Air Force completed a four-phase transition of the Global Positioning Systems ground segment to it's new Architecture Evolution Plan. The ground segment's provide command and control of the satellites and generates the navigation message for satellites to broadcast to the users GPS device to calculate their earth's position. The new Gps satellites include new high-powered, anti-jam military-code, along with other accuracy, reliability, and data integrity improvements for both civil and military users. This modernized version of the world's greatest free utility was designed to ensure the US has the most precise and secure positioning, navigation and timing capability through 2030.
Europe and Russia develop their own GPS
In 2004 the United States signed an agreement with the European Community establishing cooperation with Europe's planned Galileo system. Galileo is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that is currently being built by the European Union and is separate from but complimentary to the United States Global Positioning System. The European Union's Galileo system should be operational by 2013. The European Community's political aim is to provide an independent GPS system that the European nations can rely on in times of war or political disagreement, because both Russia or the USA could disable use of their national systems by others (through encryption).
The Russian GPS system GLONASS is a radio-based satellite navigation system that was developed by the former Soviet Union and now operated for the Russian government by the Russian Space Forces. Like the European GPS system the Russian GPS system also functions separate from but is complimentary to the United States Global Positioning System. Russia began launching satellites for their GPS system into space on October 12, 1982 and was completed in 1995. The system rapidly fell into disrepair fallowing the collapse of the Russian economy but in 2001 the Russian government began restoring the system with hopes of restoring global coverage by the end of 2009.
GPS Systems today
Depending on the GPS unit a GPS receiver only needs a signal from 3-4 satellites to calculate the units position and will work in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day. There are no subscription fees or set up fees like with a cell phone to operate GPS receivers and although some GPS receivers have extra features like real time traffic updates that will have a monthly charge, some GPS receivers like Garmins Nuvi "T" series come with free live traffic for the life of the unit. Today's GPS is extremely accurate thanks to their parallel multi-channel design. Garmin's 12 parallel channel receivers are very quick to lock onto satellites when first turned on and they maintain a strong lock even in dense foliage or city's with tall buildings because they continuously track signals from up to 12 satellites at any given time. Even if a 12 parallel channel GPS receiver loses signals from 8 satellites at once it will still function properly.
WAAS (Wide Area Augmentation System) was developed by the Federal Aviation Administration to augment the Global Positioning System to improve its accuracy, integrity, and availability. WAAS was originally intended to enable aircraft to rely on GPS for all phases of flight, including the precision approach to airport's within its coverage area. All though originally intended for aviation most GPS receivers today are WAAS-enabled including automotive, boating chartplotters and hand-held units. WAAS uses a network of ground based reference stations, in North America and Hawaii, to measure small variations in the GPS satellites' signals. Measurements from these reference stations are routed to master stations and then they send correction messages to geostationary WAAS satellites. Those satellites then broadcast the correction messages back to Earth, where WAAS-enabled GPS receivers use the correction data while computing their positions to improve accuracy. WAAS enabled GPS receivers are accurate to within 3 meters and that make them the most accurate GPS receivers for civilian use on the market today. In fact a WAAS-enabled GPS receiver can even give you directions right down to the lane your car is traveling in (as long as the mapping program supports "lane assist" directions) and With no additional equipment or fees required to take advantage of WAAS-enabled GPS receivers they are becoming as common as cell phone's.
Clean Coal Gasification Importance In The Power Sector
Clean Coal Gasification Importance In The Power Sector
Clean coal gasification is a process for converting coal partially or completely to combustible gases. After purification, these gases - carbon monoxide, carbondioxide, hydrogen, methane, and nitrogen -can be used as fuels or as raw materials for chemical or fertilizer manufacture. From the early 19thcentury until the 1940s almost all fuel gas distributed for residential or commercial use in the United States was produced by the gasification of coal or coke. In the 1940s, the growing availability of low-cost natural gas led to its substitution for gases derived from coal. Interest in clean coal gasification has been renewed, however, with recent predictions that natural gas reserves in the United States will begin to diminish by 1980.
Clean coal gasification offers one of the most versatile and cleanest ways to convert coal into electricity,hydrogen, and other energy forms. The first coal gasification electric power plants are now operating commercially in the United States and in other nations, and many experts predict that coal gasification will be at the heart of the future generations of clean coal technology plants for several decades into the future.
The capability to produce electricity, hydrogen, chemicals, or various combinations while eliminating nearly all air pollutants and potentially greenhouse gas emissions makes clean coal gasification one of the most promising technologies for the energy plants of tomorrow. Linc Energy Market Analysis - Clean coal gasification & Its Importance in the Power Sector offers valuable insight into this rapidly evolving sector and analyzes the industry on a microscopic level. Linc Energy Market Analysis - Gasification of Coal & Its Importance in the Power Sector is the complete information solution to this highly beneficial technology and the overall industry.
Clean coal gasification is a process for converting coal partially or completely to combustible gases. After purification, these gases - carbon monoxide, carbondioxide, hydrogen, methane, and nitrogen -can be used as fuels or as raw materials for chemical or fertilizer manufacture. From the early 19thcentury until the 1940s almost all fuel gas distributed for residential or commercial use in the United States was produced by the gasification of coal or coke. In the 1940s, the growing availability of low-cost natural gas led to its substitution for gases derived from coal. Interest in clean coal gasification has been renewed, however, with recent predictions that natural gas reserves in the United States will begin to diminish by 1980.
Clean coal gasification offers one of the most versatile and cleanest ways to convert coal into electricity,hydrogen, and other energy forms. The first coal gasification electric power plants are now operating commercially in the United States and in other nations, and many experts predict that coal gasification will be at the heart of the future generations of clean coal technology plants for several decades into the future.
The capability to produce electricity, hydrogen, chemicals, or various combinations while eliminating nearly all air pollutants and potentially greenhouse gas emissions makes clean coal gasification one of the most promising technologies for the energy plants of tomorrow. Linc Energy Market Analysis - Clean coal gasification & Its Importance in the Power Sector offers valuable insight into this rapidly evolving sector and analyzes the industry on a microscopic level. Linc Energy Market Analysis - Gasification of Coal & Its Importance in the Power Sector is the complete information solution to this highly beneficial technology and the overall industry.
Improving the performance of your computer networks
Improving the performance of your computer networks
With computers it is very important to get the best performance out of your network and improve it wherever possible. When your network is working at its very best, it will be happier and a lot easier to manage. You will then have the benefit of better control of your computer.
Here are five great examples of ways to improve the performance of your computer networks:
Wireless Channel - It is important to check your wireless channel especially if you have left it and it is still set at the manufacturers settings. It also runs the risk of interfering with other wireless channels in your local area and to sum it up you want the best quality possible.
Memory - Increasing the memory on your computer is highly recommended and in today's market comes at a very low cost. It will then dramatically increase your RAM (random access memory). Using certain software can alert you to the other servers that are running low on RAM. You can also check your performance via the task manager in your computer settings.
Audit - It is a great idea to regularly carry out audits to check that all your computer networks are running smoothly and to the best of their ability. You can also find out all about which networks shouldn't be on your computer and this is a superb way of ironing out any problems.
Documentation - Many computer users don't realise the importance of keeping a record of the documentation relating to their computer. For an absolute minimum you should include a list of equipment, support contacts with numbers, a LAN diagram and WAN diagram. Plus it should all be kept up to date. It is also recommended that you have a second copy just in case something goes wrong with its original location.
DNS - If you own your own DNS (domain name system) make sure it is up to date and running as smooth as possible. One of the biggest pitfalls in the world of information technology is when your DNS fails so make sure it doesn't happen to you!
The above is a great starter to show you how much more you can actually achieve out of your network performance if you put the effort it. Many fail to do so and will resort to either upgrading their computer or buying external equipment. My argument is why waste the money when you really don't need to.
With computers it is very important to get the best performance out of your network and improve it wherever possible. When your network is working at its very best, it will be happier and a lot easier to manage. You will then have the benefit of better control of your computer.
Here are five great examples of ways to improve the performance of your computer networks:
Wireless Channel - It is important to check your wireless channel especially if you have left it and it is still set at the manufacturers settings. It also runs the risk of interfering with other wireless channels in your local area and to sum it up you want the best quality possible.
Memory - Increasing the memory on your computer is highly recommended and in today's market comes at a very low cost. It will then dramatically increase your RAM (random access memory). Using certain software can alert you to the other servers that are running low on RAM. You can also check your performance via the task manager in your computer settings.
Audit - It is a great idea to regularly carry out audits to check that all your computer networks are running smoothly and to the best of their ability. You can also find out all about which networks shouldn't be on your computer and this is a superb way of ironing out any problems.
Documentation - Many computer users don't realise the importance of keeping a record of the documentation relating to their computer. For an absolute minimum you should include a list of equipment, support contacts with numbers, a LAN diagram and WAN diagram. Plus it should all be kept up to date. It is also recommended that you have a second copy just in case something goes wrong with its original location.
DNS - If you own your own DNS (domain name system) make sure it is up to date and running as smooth as possible. One of the biggest pitfalls in the world of information technology is when your DNS fails so make sure it doesn't happen to you!
The above is a great starter to show you how much more you can actually achieve out of your network performance if you put the effort it. Many fail to do so and will resort to either upgrading their computer or buying external equipment. My argument is why waste the money when you really don't need to.
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